بررسی تطبیقی دیدگاه مفسران درباره آیات ناظر به استغفار رسول اکرم (ص) (در آیات 19 سوره محمد و 104 سوره نساء) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در رهنمود اهل بیت(ع) و بر اساس تعالیم قرآن کریم، انبیاء(ع) از ارتکاب گناه معصوم هستند. اما برخی آیات قرآن، در ظاهر خلاف این باور را نشان می دهند. آیات 19سوره محمد(ص) و 104 سوره نساء از جمله این آیات هستند که در آن ها به رسول اکرم(ص) دستور استغفار داده شده است. مفسران در خصوص علت استغفار در این دو آیه، آراء متفاوتی دارند. مقاله حاضر، به استناد قرائن متعددی از آیات و روایات، به این نتیجه رسیده است که استغفار در سوره محمد(ص) به منزله دعا برای رفع تبعات اموری است که وجود آنها شایسته ایمان موحدانه نیست و علت استغفار در سوره نساء نیز دفع آثار سوء ناشی از قضاوت بر اساس ظواهر است. رویکرد این تحقیق قرآن محوری است که بر مبنای آن، محکمات دینی(محکمات عقل، قرآن، سنت، تجربه و...) برمحور قرآن کریم داور اندیشه ها و عملکردها است.A comparative study of commentators' views on the verses referring to asking for forgiveness from the Holy Prophet (PBUH) (in verses 19 of Surah Muhammad and 104 of Surah Nisa)
In the guidance of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and the teachings of the Qur'an, the prophets (AS) are innocent of committing sin. But some verses seem to contradict this belief.The 19th verses of Muhammad (PBUH) and the 104 suras of Nisaa are among those verses in which the Prophet (peace be upon him) was commanded to be rejected. The commentators have different opinions about the reason for the Prophet's asking for forgiveness in these two verses and have tried to provide an interpretation of these verses that does not contradict the Prophet's infallibility; But none of their opinions are without problems. The present article, with the aim of removing doubts about the infallibility of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), after examining and criticizing the existing opinions, based on numerous evidences from verses and narrations, has come to the conclusion that: Asking for forgiveness in Surah Muhammad (PBUH) for Praying is to remove unpleasant things that are not worthy of believers, so that the effects of unpleasant things are removed and the basis for benefiting from divine blessings, which are the result of pure faith, is provided. The reason for seeking forgiveness in Surah Nisa is also related to the judgment that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) made. In this judgment, according to the Islamic law, he was assigned to judge based on the evidence of the parties to the dispute, and he judged correctly in this dispute. But because his judgment was influenced by the false testimony of some who gave false testimony, an innocent person was exposed to slander. Therefore, to ward off the bad effects of this judgment based on appearance, the Prophet (PBUH) was ordered to ask for forgiveness. The approach of this research is based on the Qur'an, on this basis, religious matters (intellect, Qur'an, tradition, experience, literature, the way of rational and legal scholars, etc.) are the judges of religious thoughts and practices based on the Holy Qur'an.
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